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qmk_firmware/FAQ-Build.md

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READ FIRST

In short,

$ make [-f Makefile.<variant>] [KEYMAP=...] clean
$ make [-f Makefile.<variant>] [KEYMAP=...]
$ make [-f Makefile.<variant>] [KEYMAP=...] dfu

Can't program on Linux and Mac

You will need proper permission to operate a device. For Linux users see udev rules below. Easy way is to use sudo command, if you are not familiar with this command check its manual with man sudo or this page on line.

https://developer.apple.com/library/mac/documentation/Darwin/Reference/ManPages/man8/sudo.8.html

In short when your controller is ATMega32u4,

$ sudo dfu-programmer atmega32u4 erase --force
$ sudo dfu-programmer atmega32u4 flash your.hex
$ sudo dfu-programmer atmega32u4 reset

or just

$ sudo make dfu

But to run make with root privilege is not good idea. Use former method as possible.

Do 'make clean' before 'make'

You'll need make clean after you edit config.h or change options like KEYMAP.

Frist remove all files made in previous build,

$ make clean

then build new frimware.

$ make [KEYMAP=...]

Also you can always try make clean when you get other strange result during build.

WINAVR is obsolete

It is no longer recommended and may cause some problem. See Issue #99.

USB stack: LUFA or PJRC?

Use LUFA.

PJRC stack won't be supported actively anymore. There is no reason to hesitate to use LUFA except for binary size(about 1KB lager?). But PJRC is still very useful for debug and development purpose. See also Issue #50 and Issue #58.

Edit configuration but not change

You will need followings after editing CONSOLE_ENABLE, NKRO_ENABLE, EXTRAKEY_ENABLE or MOUSEKEY_ENABLE option in Makefile.

1. make clean

This will be needed when you edit config.h.

2. Remove Drivers from Device Manager(Windows)

Windows only. Linux, OSX and other OS's doesn't require this. It looks like Windows keeps using driver installed when device was connected first time even after the device changes its configuration. To load proper drivers for new configuration you need to remove existent drivers from Drvice Manager.

3. Build with different VID:PID

Windows only. If method 2. does't work fou you try this. Change Vendor ID or Product ID in config.h and build firmware. Windows should recognize it as whole new device and start drivers install process.

4. Just try other ports

This will be useful and the easiest workaround for Windows.

USB VID and PID

You can use any ID you want with editing config.h. Using any presumably unused ID will be no problem in fact except for very least chance of collision with other product.

For example TMK uses following numbers by default.

keyboard:
hhkb: FEED:CAFE
gh60: FEED:6060

converter:
x68k: FEED:6800
ps2: FEED:6512
adb: FEED:0ADB
ibm4704: FEED:4704
pc98: FEED:9898

Also see this. https://github.com/tmk/tmk_keyboard/issues/150

You can buy a really unique VID:PID here. I don't think you need this for personal use.

Linux udev rules

On Linux you need proper privilege to access device file of MCU, you'll have to use sudo when flashing firmware. You can circumvent this with placing these files in /etc/udev/rules.d/.

/etc/udev/rules.d/50-atmel-dfu.rules:

# Atmel ATMega32U4
SUBSYSTEMS=="usb", ATTRS{idVendor}=="03eb", ATTRS{idProduct}=="2ff4", MODE:="0666"
# Atmel USBKEY AT90USB1287
SUBSYSTEMS=="usb", ATTRS{idVendor}=="03eb", ATTRS{idProduct}=="2ffb", MODE:="0666"
# Atmel ATMega32U2
SUBSYSTEMS=="usb", ATTRS{idVendor}=="03eb", ATTRS{idProduct}=="2ff0", MODE:="0666"

/etc/udev/rules.d/52-tmk-keyboard.rules:

# tmk keyboard products     https://github.com/tmk/tmk_keyboard
SUBSYSTEMS=="usb", ATTRS{idVendor}=="feed", MODE:="0666"

Cortex: cstddef: No such file or directory

GCC 4.8 of Ubuntu 14.04 had this problem and had to update to 4.9 with this PPA. https://launchpad.net/~terry.guo/+archive/ubuntu/gcc-arm-embedded

https://github.com/tmk/tmk_keyboard/issues/212 https://github.com/tmk/tmk_keyboard/wiki/mbed-cortex-porting#compile-error-cstddef https://developer.mbed.org/forum/mbed/topic/5205/

'clock_prescale_set' and 'clock_div_1' not available

Your toolchain is too old to support the MCU. For example WinAVR 20100110 doesn't support ATMega32u2.

Compiling C: ../../tmk_core/protocol/lufa/lufa.c
avr-gcc -c -mmcu=atmega32u2 -gdwarf-2 -DF_CPU=16000000UL -DINTERRUPT_CONTROL_ENDPOINT -DBOOTLOADER_SIZE=4096 -DF_USB=16000000UL -DARCH=ARCH_AVR8 -DUSB_DEVICE_ONLY -DUSE_FLASH_DESCRIPTORS -DUSE_STATIC_OPTIONS="(USB_DEVICE_OPT_FULLSPEED | USB_OPT_REG_ENABLED | USB_OPT_AUTO_PLL)" -DFIXED_CONTROL_ENDPOINT_SIZE=8  -DFIXED_NUM_CONFIGURATIONS=1 -DPROTOCOL_LUFA -DEXTRAKEY_ENABLE -DCONSOLE_ENABLE -DCOMMAND_ENABLE -DVERSION=unknown -Os -funsigned-char -funsigned-bitfields -ffunction-sections -fdata-sections -fno-inline-small-functions -fpack-struct -fshort-enums -fno-strict-aliasing -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -Wa,-adhlns=obj_alps64/protocol/lufa/lufa.lst -I. -I../../tmk_core -I../../tmk_core/protocol/lufa -I../../tmk_core/protocol/lufa/LUFA-git -I../../tmk_core/common -std=gnu99 -include config.h -MMD -MP -MF .dep/obj_alps64_protocol_lufa_lufa.o.d  ../../tmk_core/protocol/lufa/lufa.c -o obj_alps64/protocol/lufa/lufa.o
../../tmk_core/protocol/lufa/lufa.c: In function 'setup_mcu':
../../tmk_core/protocol/lufa/lufa.c:575: warning: implicit declaration of function 'clock_prescale_set'
../../tmk_core/protocol/lufa/lufa.c:575: error: 'clock_div_1' undeclared (first use in this function)
../../tmk_core/protocol/lufa/lufa.c:575: error: (Each undeclared identifier is reported only once
../../tmk_core/protocol/lufa/lufa.c:575: error: for each function it appears in.)
make: *** [obj_alps64/protocol/lufa/lufa.o] Error 1

BOOTLOADER_SIZE for AVR

Note that Teensy2.0++ bootloader size is 2048byte. Some Makefiles may have wrong comment.

# Boot Section Size in *bytes*    
#   Teensy halfKay   512          
#   Teensy++ halfKay 2048         
#   Atmel DFU loader 4096       (TMK Alt Controller)
#   LUFA bootloader  4096         
#   USBaspLoader     2048         
OPT_DEFS += -DBOOTLOADER_SIZE=2048